Constipation Patient Guide
A common yet troublesome condition. Learn about symptoms, causes, dietary guidelines, and lifestyle changes for relief.
What is Constipation?
Constipation is a common troublesome condition where stool becomes hard, dry, and difficult to pass.
Constipation is a common troublesome condition in which stool (waste) becomes hard, dry, and comes in small amounts, making it difficult to pass. Generally, having fewer than three bowel movements per week is considered a sign of constipation.
Signs of Constipation
Recognize these symptoms early so you can take appropriate action.
Hard, Dry Stool
Stool is hard, dry, and comes in small pieces or lumps.
Bloating & Discomfort
Feeling of fullness, bloating, or heaviness in the abdomen.
Incomplete Evacuation
Even after passing stool, feeling that the bowels are not completely empty.
Pain Near Rectum
Pain or discomfort near the anus (rectal area).
Straining
Needing to push very hard to pass stool.
Infrequent Bowel Movements
Fewer than three bowel movements per week.
Common Causes of Constipation
Understanding the root causes helps in prevention and effective management.
Dietary Causes
- Low fiber (roughage) in diet — not eating enough vegetables, fruits, and whole grains
- Drinking insufficient water and other fluids
- Ignoring the urge to pass stool when felt
Lifestyle Causes
- Lack of physical activity — sitting for long periods
- Mental stress or anxiety
- Advancing age
Medications
- Pain medications
- Iron (folic acid) supplements
- Blood pressure lowering medications
- Antidepressants
Medical Conditions
- Diabetes
- Thyroid disorders
- Parkinson's disease
- Other chronic illnesses
Dietary Guidelines
Aim for 25-35 grams of fiber daily. The following foods are rich in fiber.
Fruits
- • Prunes (Aloo Bukhara)
- • Figs (Anjeer)
- • Apple
- • Pear
- • Banana
Vegetables
- • Cabbage (Band Gobhi)
- • Carrots
- • Spinach (Palak)
- • Fenugreek (Methi)
- • Bottle Gourd (Tinda)
Whole Grains
- • Whole wheat flour
- • Barley (Jo)
- • Oats
Lentils & Legumes
- • Masoor dal
- • Chickpeas (Chana)
- • Beans (Lobia)
Dried Fruits
- • Raisins (Kishmish)
- • Dates (Khajoor)
- • Dried Apricots (Khubani)
Fluids
- • At least 8-10 glasses of water daily
- • Fruit juices (especially prune juice)
- • Milk is also beneficial
Important
Avoid excessive consumption of tea and coffee as they can contribute to dehydration and worsen constipation.
Lifestyle & Exercise
Regular physical activity and healthy bathroom habits are essential for preventing and relieving constipation.
Recommended Habits
- ✓Walk at least 30 minutes daily
- ✓Establish a regular bathroom routine — try to go at the same time every day, preferably after breakfast
- ✓When you feel the urge to pass stool, go immediately — holding it in makes constipation worse
Toilet Habits to Avoid
- ✗Do not sit on the toilet for more than 10 minutes
- ✗Do not strain excessively while passing stool
- ✗Avoid reading or using your phone while on the toilet
Possible Complications
If constipation persists, it can lead to these serious complications.
Hemorrhoids (Piles)
Swollen veins near the rectum that cause pain and bleeding.
Anal Fissure
A tear or wound in the anal area causing severe pain during bowel movements.
Fecal Impaction
Hardened stool becomes stuck in the rectum and cannot be passed.
Additional Symptoms
Persistent constipation can also cause abdominal pain, restlessness, and general discomfort affecting daily life.
See a Doctor Immediately If
Do not ignore these warning signs. Consult your doctor promptly if you experience any of the following.
⚠ If you notice blood in your stool, consult a doctor immediately!
Get Relief from Constipation
Professor Dr. Asif Mahmood provides expert evaluation and personalized treatment for constipation and related digestive issues. Schedule your consultation today.